Properties and Stability
1. Flammable liquid. It is hygroscopic and does not corrode metal. It reacts with dibasic acid to generate polyester, reacts with nitric acid to generate nitrate, and reacts with hydrochloric acid to generate chlorohydrins. With dilute sulfuric acid at 170 ºC heating into propionaldehyde. Oxidation with nitric acid or chromic acid generates glycolic acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid, etc. Reacts with aldehydes to form acetals. 1,2-Propanediol is dehydrated to form propylene oxide or polyethylene glycol.
2. The toxicity and irritation are very small, and no victim has been found. Rat intravenous injection and intraperitoneal injection LD50: 7000~8000mg/kg, oral LD50: 2800mg/kg. But there have also been reports of fatal insomnia and kidney problems when added to foods and beverages in high doses at one time.
3. Exist in tobacco leaves and smoke
Usage
1,2-Propanediol is an important raw material for unsaturated polyesters, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, plasticizers and surfactants. The amount used in this regard accounts for about 45% of the total consumption of propylene glycol. Used extensively in surface coatings and reinforced plastics. 1,2-Propanediol has good viscosity and hygroscopicity, and is widely used as a hygroscopic agent, antifreeze, lubricant and solvent in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In the food industry, 1,2-propanediol reacts with fatty acids to form propylene glycol fatty acid esters, which are mainly used as food emulsifiers; 1,2-propanediol is an excellent solvent for condiments and pigments. Due to its low toxicity, it is used as a solvent for spices and food colorings in the food industry. 1,,2-Propanediol is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry as a solvent, softener and excipient for the manufacture of various ointments and ointments, and as a solvent for blending agents, preservatives, ointments, vitamins, penicillin, etc. in the pharmaceutical industry . Because propylene glycol has good mutual solubility with various fragrances, it is also used as a solvent and softener for cosmetics, etc. 1,2-Propanediol is also used as a tobacco moisturizing agent, a mildew inhibitor, a lubricant for food processing equipment, and a solvent for food marking inks. Aqueous solutions of 1,2-propanediol are effective antifreeze agents. It is also used as tobacco wetting agent, mildew inhibitor, fruit ripening preservative, antifreeze and heat carrier, etc.
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